Journal-Based CME: Footprints of Innate Immune Activity During HIV-1 Reservoir Cell Evolution in Early-treated Infection

Monday, October 28, 2024, 10:00 AM - Thursday, October 28, 2027, 11:00 PM

This Journal-Based CME activity consists of a full-text article that is free to read, a multiple-choice question test, and an evaluation/self-assessment. Learners are tested on their comprehension of the key concepts, with the objective of enriching their clinical practice and patient care through better understanding of scientific advances and new techniques in the fields covered by Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM). 

Questions for this complimentary, online-only activity have been designed by JEM editors in collaboration with the article authors. Each CME activity should take approximately 1 hour to complete.

The article selected for this activity is “Footprints of innate immune activity during HIV-1 reservoir cell evolution in early-treated infection,” by Weiwei Sun, Ce Gao, Gregory Takashi Gladkov, Isabelle Roseto, Leah Carrere, Elizabeth M. Parsons, Carmen Gasca-Capote, John Frater, Sarah Fidler, Xu G. Yu, Mathias Lichterfeld, and the RIVER Trial Study Group.

Article Abstract

Antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation during the early stages of HIV-1 infection is associated with a higher probability of maintaining drug-free viral control during subsequent treatment interruptions, for reasons that remain unclear. Using samples from a randomized-controlled human clinical trial evaluating therapeutic HIV-1 vaccines, we here show that early ART commencement is frequently associated with accelerated and efficient selection of genome-intact HIV-1 proviruses in repressive chromatin locations during the first year after treatment initiation. This selection process was unaffected by vaccine-induced HIV-1-specific T cell responses. Single-cell proteogenomic profiling demonstrated that cells harboring intact HIV-1 displayed a discrete phenotypic signature of immune selection by innate immune responses, characterized by a slight but significant upregulation of HLA-C, HLA-G, the IL-10 receptor, and other markers involved in innate immune regulation. Together, these results suggest an accelerated immune selection of viral reservoir cells during early-treated HIV-1 infection that seems at least partially driven by innate immune responses.

About Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM) and CME Activities

JEM publishes peer-reviewed papers within the field of medical biology, providing novel conceptual insights into immunology, cancer biology, neuroscience, inflammation, vascular biology, microbial pathogenesis, and stem cell biology. These studies range from original findings on all aspects of disease pathogenesis to novel therapeutic approaches. Articles designated for Journal-Based CME have been selected by JEM editors for their clinical relevance and ability to address practice-based gaps.

Select the 'Course Content' tab at the top of this page in order to access the full article and claim CME credit.

1. Comprehend key points in the research findings outlined in the activity.
2. Differentiate between old and new concepts.
3. Learners will have the information necessary to apply the relevant points to their clinical practice.

This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint providership of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, the Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM) and Rockefeller University Press. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

AMA Credit Designation Statement

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Recorded/Review Date: October 28, 2024 | Original Release Date: October 28, 2024 | Termination Date: October 28, 2027

Mitigation of Relevant Financial Relationships

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center adheres to the ACCME’s Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Education. Any individuals in a position to control the content of a CE activity, including faculty, planners, reviewers or others are required to disclose all relevant financial relationships with ineligible entities (commercial interests). All relevant conflicts of interest have been mitigated prior to the commencement of the activity.